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  • Jean Piaget

    JEAN PIAGET (1896-1980) The Swiss psychologist and educator Jean Piaget is famous for his learning theories based on identifiable stages in the development of children's intelligence. Jean Piaget was born on August 9, 1896, in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, the son of a historian. When... more

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  • Rated by AlokeKumar on Sep 23 2008, 9:39pm

    JEAN PIAGET (1896-1980) The Swiss psychologist and educator Jean Piaget is famous for his learning theories based on identifiable stages in the development of children's intelligence. Jean Piaget was born on August 9, 1896, in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, the son of a historian. When he was 11, his notes on a rare part-albino sparrow were published, the first of hundreds of articles and over 50 books. His help in classifying Neuchâtel's natural-history museum collection stimulated his study of mollusks (shellfish). One article, written when he was 15, led to a job offer at Geneva's natural-history museum; he declined in order to continue his education. At Neuchâtel University he finished natural-science studies in 1916 and earned the doctoral degree for research on mollusks in 1918. Piaget's godfather introduced him to philosophy. Biology (life) was thus merged with epistemology (knowledge), both basic to his later learning theories. Work in two psychological laboratories in Zurich introduced him to psychoanalysis. In Paris at the Sorbonne he studied abnormal psychology, logic, and epistemology, and in 1920 with Théodore Simon in the Binet Laboratory he developed standardized reasoning tests. Piaget thought that these quantitative tests were too rigid and saw that children's incorrect answers better revealed their qualitative thinking at various stages of development. This led to the question that he would spend the rest of his life studying: How do children learn? In studying children, particularly his own, Piaget found four stages of mental growth. These are a sensory-motor stage, from birth to age 2, when mental structures concentrate on concrete objects; a pre-operational stage, from age 2 to 7, when they learn symbols in language, fantasy, play, and dreams; a concrete operational stage, from age 7 to 11, when they master classification, relationships, numbers, and ways of reasoning about them; and a formal operational stage, from age 11, when they begin to master independent thought and other people's thinking. Piaget believed that children's concepts through at least the first three stages differ from those of adults and are based on actively exploring the environment rather than on language understanding. During these stages children learn naturally without punishment or reward. Piaget died on September 17, 1980 in Geneva, Switzerland and was remembered by the New York Times as the man whose theories were "as liberating and revolutionary as Sigmund Freud's earlier insights into the stages of human emotional life. " This spot is for Vanessa from California, USA,who is an author. She writes , `My book is called "You're Grounded!" I wrote it when I was 17, as a senior in high school because it is a parenting book from a teen's perspective. I love speaking to teens and parents and helping them with their problems.' So did Jean Piaget. For more on her visit: http://vanessavanpetten.stumbleupon.com/