Rated
Oct 21 2008
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1 review
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history, literature, romanticism, poetry, science
• literaryreview.co.uk
Romantic writers were fully aware of recent scientific discoveries. As a twenty-year-old medical student, John Keats spent a drink-fuelled night enthusing over a newly purchased verse translation of Homer's Iliad. Early the next morning, he took less than four hours to set down his own famous poem, in which he compared his feelings with those of 'some watcher of the skies/When a new planet swims into his ken'.
~Patricia Fara
The thesis of this book, Richard Holmes' The Age of Wonder, is a historical one that applies to any discovery of the world - and it matters not whether this discovery (of an object or an idea or a feeling or an event or a reality) be poetic or scientific.
For there is something in these cases of discovery that may be said to resist all attempts at strict epistemological delimitation, all willed or unconscious attempts to exclude the wonder of the thing. This something is, for want of a better word or cultural location, `Romanticism'. It is, more precisely, the Romantic paradigm of an experience that no philosophy, before or after Kant, has been able to completely exclude (for some even more pedantic reflections on this, and oblique ones as far as my comments go, see Walter Benjamin's The Task for the Coming Philosophy, c. 1918. I wouldn't wish a read of this text on my worst enemies, however, although it is blissfully short.).
Now, the heart of the problem is, frankly, mushrooms. And the question I ask myself is: Why am I yet to discover a great Romantic poetry about mushrooms? This to me is a damning criticism of Romanticism in the nineteenth-century. What are the consequences for a cultural movement if it possesses no poetry of fungi? One of the worst results, I argue, is that such a movement is then caught deleteriously in a metaphysics of consciousness that only indefinitely prolongs the problems of Kantianism.
The major problem of this poetic limitation is the anthropos that, centuries before other philosophies posed a critique, could have made way in Romanticism for a mycopos -- for if Romanticism had admitted that man is merely fungi, some of the worst forms of twentieth-century fascism may have been rendered culturally unthinkable in the very best sense of the word: as in out-thought. Wordsworth's household gods, harboured by man in a domestic sense, may have made way for mushrooms bearing the rhizomatic realities of a world beyond sovereign power. Yet, from Wordsworth's poems of individuation to Shelley's Triumph of the Will, one reads the anthropotropic turning away from fungi or parasitic vegetation and back into the arms of Man.
It is anthropotropism that constitutes the return to an order of metaphysics, a return held in Romanticism in abeyance, in the fragmentary triumph of 'man' which no cultural movement, from Romanticism to postmodernism, has been able to surpass. But today I declare that `Man' is a peculiar figure that must make way for mushrooms. And, perhaps, metaphysics must make way for mycophysics!
Apropos of the Fungi: these comic and tragic reflections on living beyond fascism, with mushrooms, beyond the catastrophes of biopolitical science and culture, come on the margins of The Mycolatry Institute.